What does the term "VFR on top" refer to?

The term "VFR on top" specifically refers to a scenario where a pilot operates under Visual Flight Rules above an overcast cloud layer. In this context, the pilot is flying in Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) while navigating above a layer of clouds that may obscure visibility below. This allows for visual navigation and continued flight under VFR while ensuring compliance with cloud clearance requirements.

The pilot must maintain a suitable altitude that ensures safe separation from the clouds and also adhere to any airspace restrictions that may apply above the overcast layer. It's an important concept for pilots who might encounter low visibility conditions below while still wanting to operate under VFR conditions above. Understanding this term helps pilots in planning their routes and making appropriate decisions regarding weather conditions during flight.